Pardesco · Randall Morgan · Cincinnati

Projections from a Higher Space

Real four-dimensional polytopes — cast down into our world as crystal, and set slowly turning.


4D → 3D projectionGPU path-traced crystalseamless loop

The Work

Three shadows, turning

Each is an actual four-dimensional solid, projected into three dimensions and rendered as refractive crystal. Real-time 4D rotation · GPU path-traced · seamless loop · 2026.

The 600-Cell hexacosichoron · 720 edges · XW rotation The most intricate of the regular polychora — six hundred tetrahedral cells, seen from below.
The 120-Cell hecatonicosachoron · 120 cells · compound rotation A dodecahedron of dodecahedra, tumbling through three planes of four-space at once.
The Grand Antiprism 500 edges · non-Wythoffian · XW rotation One of only two uniform polychora that no mirror symmetry can construct — a genuine mathematical rarity.
MediumDigital video — GPU path-traced render of exact four-dimensional geometry
MaterialsUniform polychoron vertex data (Bowers catalogue) · refractive crystal shader · single light at the form's centroid
Dimensions1080 × 1920 px · 24 fps · 6.0-second seamless loops · collection masters at 2160 × 3840
ToolsCustom open-source 4D engine · Universal Scene Description · Blender / Cycles with OptiX on NVIDIA RTX 5070 Ti · custom Blender add-ons · AI agents (Claude Code, Codex)

The Instrument · The Story

Coded, not modeled

Nothing here is modeled. Each form is a real four-dimensional solid — a uniform polychoron whose vertices are exact coordinates in four-space. You cannot sculpt such a thing, and no camera can photograph it. The only honest way to see one is to build the machine that projects it — so I did.

Working with an agentic-AI engineering partner, I coded a four-dimensional viewer from the mathematics up: it turns the polytope through a plane of four-space, projects it into three dimensions, and carries each point's depth in the fourth dimension forward as the thickness of the light that draws it. The rotation is exact linear algebra — validated to one part in a quadrillion — and every loop closes on itself perfectly, repeating without a seam.

The hard part is what no tutorial covers: projection singularities where points race to infinity, a stable point-count as edges sweep the pole, a turn that must return exactly to its origin. That geometry flows through Universal Scene Description into Blender, where geometry nodes grow crystal along the curves and a GPU path-tracer renders it as refractive glass, lit from a single point at the form's own center.

To my knowledge, no one has rendered these four-dimensional solids at this fidelity — not the wireframes the fourth dimension is usually drawn with, but physically path-traced crystal: hundreds of self-intersecting edges bending light like a cut gem.

I trained as an architect, and this is still architecture — drawing spaces no one can stand inside yet. Here the three things I have always chased stop being separate: the mathematics is the truth, the technology the instrument, the agentic AI the leverage that lets one person hold an entire studio. The AI is not the artist — it is what turns a lifetime's fascination with higher dimensions into something you can behold.

The Collection

Prism Neon

Most depictions of four-dimensional polytopes are diagrams — flat, dutiful, dull. This collection was made to breathe life into them: eleven forms, path-traced as crystal and passed through a hand-built CRT treatment, produced as the highest-fidelity polychora animations ever made.

I — Hecatonicosachoron 120-cell · 120 dodecahedral cells · perspective
II — Hexacosichoron 600-cell · 600 tetrahedral cells · perspective
III — Grand Antiprism 320 cells · the anomaly of 1965 · perspective
IV — Tesseract 8-cell · the room everyone knows · perspective
V — Icositetrachoron 24-cell · self-dual, no analogue · perspective
VI — Tetracontoctachoron 48-cell · the 24-cell fused with its dual · perspective
VII — Pentachoron 5-cell · the simplest form in four-space · perspective
VIII — Hexadecachoron 16-cell · the tesseract’s dual · perspective
IX — Snub Icositetrachoron snub 24-cell · one of two mirrorless forms · perspective
X — Rectified Hexacosichoron rectified 600-cell · 3,600 edges · perspective
XI — Great Grand Stellated 120-cell star polytope · {5/2,3,3} · perspective

Each loop is exact geometry, path-traced as refractive crystal on an NVIDIA RTX 5070 Ti and finished through a hand-built CRT treatment — posterized, pixel-crushed, chromatically split — until the mathematics reads as something dreamed rather than plotted. The palette and the noise are deliberate: Prism Neon is my own taste, raised on crypto art and web3, tuned until the dither field itself feels alive. Every speckle re-rolls each frame and returns exactly in phase.

The studio is the instrument: AI agents (Claude Code, Codex) carry the exact four-dimensional data through tooling I build for the purpose — a free public viewer at 4d.pardesco.com, an open-source engine on GitHub, and specialized Blender add-ons for rendering these forms at the highest quality the program can produce. Each finished piece exists as a one-of-one under my own contract, Pardesco.

RTX 5070 Ti · OptiXAI-agent pipelineCRT dither · RGB split1/1 · own contract

The Artist

Randall Morgan

  • PracticeDimensional art · computational geometry
  • TrainingArchitecture, UC · DAAP
  • Bridges GalleryHalifax, 2023
  • JMM Art ExhibitionBoston '23 · D.C. '26
  • NFT.NYC2024
  • Claire Silver AIFinalist, 2023
  • Collections27 countries
  • Active since2018

Randall Morgan works as Pardesco — a dimensional artist and computational geometer in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Trained in architecture at the University of Cincinnati (DAAP), he translates higher mathematics into contemplative form across laser cutting, 3D printing, CNC machining, and real-time rendering. His research centers on four-dimensional polytopes, stereographic projection, and sacred geometry — exact structures, rendered until they feel inhabited.

His work has shown at the Bridges Mathematical Art Gallery, the Joint Mathematics Meetings Art Exhibition, and NFT.NYC, was a finalist in the Claire Silver AI art competition, and is held in private collections across twenty-seven countries. Active since 2018, he builds and directs agentic-AI pipelines as a one-person studio — human art direction, machine leverage.


We only ever see the shadow of the higher thing. The straight is made curved in its descent; the eternal form is known only as it turns. I only built the window.
Pardesco